Lidocaine has also gained some popularity as an analgesic in pediatric medicine, although there is no scientific basis for this. At the outset, a very important observation: the therapeutic range of lidocaine is very narrow.

Misinformation through video

While therapeutic plasma concentrations are 2.5-3.5 mcg/ml, toxicity must be expected at 5 mcg/ml [1]. This means that with this drug in particular, dosing errors are very dangerous. As in the fatal case of a seven-month-old infant who was given lidocaine in an intraosseous needle(go here to Focus article).

It is particularly tragic that the desired analgesia for drug administration via an intraosseous needle cannot be achieved with it, as clinical everyday life in the children’s hospital shows. The reason for the popularity of this practice was probably a video published by the “New England Journal of Medicine” in 2011 [2]. Even in the same issue of NEJM [3], it was pointed out that there was no evidence for the efficacy described here.

Nevertheless, the European Resucitation Council guidelines [4] and a German S1 guideline recommend analgesia with lidocaine for intraosseous needles [5]. Both also offer no evidence of efficacy, which remains absent to this day. This is also stated by the Drug Commission of the German Medical Association (AkdÄ), which literally writes the following in the German Medical Gazette (and thus obligates the German medical profession to know!) [6]: “In the opinion of the AkdÄ, the concept of intraosseous pretreatment with lidocaine to prevent pain prior to intraosseous administration of drugs and volume replacement in pediatric patients should be rejected because the agent can be dangerous due to its unpredictable systemic effects. In addition, there are alternatives of pain management with opioids such as morphine or fentanyl.” It is hoped that the above guidelines will receive an erratum and be corrected as soon as possible!

Ineffective and potentially life-threatening!

It has also not been shown to be effective as a systemic analgesic when administered intravenously – again, there are safety concerns [1,7]. The only indication for lidocaine in pediatric emergency medicine is for severe ventricular arrhythmias with i.v. administration of 1 mg/kg bw as an alternative to amiodarone “if the user is experienced in its use” [4].

Therefore, the Pediatric Emergency Use Guide (PädNFL) only specifies this exact use for lidocaine. Safety is often also knowing what NOT to do!